Ever wondered if your dog truly gets what you’re saying? Most pet owners believe their dogs understand basic commands like “sit,” “stay,” and “down,” suggesting that dogs associate words with actions or objects. But what about their name? Do dogs recognize their own name?
Dogs have been our companions longer than any other domesticated species, and research shows that they understand human emotions and words, including their own name, better than you might think.
Do Dogs Understand Our Words?
According to the American Psychological Association (APA), dogs can comprehend over 150 words, and their cognitive abilities are comparable to a 2-year-old child. The smartest dogs, known as “super dogs,” can learn up to 250 words.
Studies have shown that dogs can learn names and other words within a week, indicating that they can quickly associate specific sounds with objects, actions, or individuals, including themselves.
Do Dogs Know Their Nicknames?
If you occasionally shorten your dog’s name or give them a silly nickname, you’re not alone. But does your dog recognize that you’re referring to them?
According to a 2020 study, researchers used a non-invasive method to observe how dogs respond to three types of words:
- Instruction words they already know (e.g., “sit,” “stay,” and “down”).
- Nonsense words that sound similar to those instruction words (e.g., “sid” instead of “sit”).
- Nonsense words that sound nothing like the instruction words.
The study found that a dog’s brain processes speech quickly, especially when a nonsense word sounds entirely different from the instruction word. However, when a nonsense word sounds similar to the instruction word, dogs perceive it as the known instruction word and don’t distinguish a difference.
Dogs also read our body language and listen to our tone of voice, which helps them understand what we are saying. This indicates that they use both sides of their brain to comprehend human words. So yes, dogs are capable of knowing their name and nicknames.
Signs That a Dog Knows Their Name
If a dog recognizes their name, several signs can indicate that they understand it rather than just responding to your tone of voice.
The biggest indicator is that they come running to you when you call their name, even from a distance. In the same room, your dog might lift their head and look in your direction when you say or call their name.
Dogs might also respond to their name excitedly by perking up their ears, wagging their tail, or even barking at you, showing they know you’re talking to them.
How To Teach Your Dog Their Name
Use Positive Reinforcement
Dogs respond best to positive reinforcement, whether you’re teaching them a new trick or helping them learn their name. Having plenty of tasty treats on hand is crucial. If your dog needs extra motivation, consider using high-value treats like pieces of cooked, boneless chicken or premium dog treats.
To teach your dog their name, try calling them in different tones to see which one they respond to best. Using a bright and happy tone, call your dog when they’re not looking at you. If they look at you, immediately say an affirming word like “yes” and reward them with a treat.
Remember, quick reinforcement is key. Give your dog a treat right away when they respond to their name. Any delay might confuse them about what they are being rewarded for.
Try a Clicker
For older dogs or those who are no longer puppies, using a clicker might be more effective than treats. Too many treats can lead to weight gain, so consider low-calorie options like celery or carrots.
Change the Environment
It’s important to practice this learning game in various places until your dog consistently associates the word with themselves. Start training indoors where there are fewer distractions. If you move outside, always use a leash to keep your dog safe and focused.
Keep Training Separate
Avoid using your pet’s name when teaching commands like “sit” and “stay.” Dogs can easily confuse their name with the actions you’re asking them to perform.
Choosing a Name for Your Dog
Choose a simple name that will quickly catch your dog’s attention. Names with one or two syllables are ideal for efficient training. If you prefer a longer, more complex name, use a shorter, simpler nickname when calling or speaking to your dog to reduce confusion and make it easier for them to learn their name.
